Which of the following is known as the structural and functional unit of the environment?

• (a) Ecosystem
• (b) Food web
• (c) Food chain
• (d) Producers

The correct answer is (a) Ecosystem. An ecosystem is the structural and functional unit of the environment, encompassing all living organisms and their interactions with the physical environment in a specific area.

Understanding Ecosystems

An ecosystem includes various components such as:

• Biotic factors: All living things, like plants, animals, and microorganisms.
• Abiotic factors: Non-living elements, such as water, soil, and climate.

Importance of Ecosystems

Ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining balance in nature, supporting biodiversity, and providing essential services like clean air and water.