Smog is a combination of?

Smog is a type of air pollution that is a combination of two main components: smoke and fog. The term "smog" is derived from blending these two words. However, modern smog is more complex and can be composed of various pollutants, including:

Particulate Matter (PM): These are tiny particles suspended in the air, which can come from sources like vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, construction activities, and more. PM can be of different sizes, and some can penetrate deep into the respiratory system, causing health issues.

Ground-Level Ozone (O3): Ground-level ozone is not directly emitted but forms through chemical reactions between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. It's a major component of smog and can cause respiratory problems and other health issues.

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx): These are produced primarily from burning fossil fuels in vehicles and power plants. They contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone and can also cause respiratory issues and other health problems.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): These are emitted from various sources including vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, and the use of solvents and paints. They react with nitrogen oxides to form ground-level ozone.

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2): This is produced from burning fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil. It can lead to respiratory problems and can contribute to the formation of particulate matter.

Carbon Monoxide (CO): This colorless, odorless gas is produced when fossil fuels are burned. High levels of CO can be harmful, as it reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen.

Other Pollutants: Depending on the sources and the environment, smog can also contain other pollutants such as heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and more.

It's important to note that the composition of smog can vary based on the sources of pollution, weather conditions, and geographical location. Smog is a significant environmental and health concern in many urban areas around the world.