{"id":9581,"date":"2016-06-21T19:25:48","date_gmt":"2016-06-21T13:55:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/?p=9581"},"modified":"2016-06-21T19:25:48","modified_gmt":"2016-06-21T13:55:48","slug":"pituitary-gland-unfolded-need-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/pituitary-gland-unfolded-need-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Pituitary Gland unfolded! Here is all you need to know!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Human Body is such a complex & beautiful creation. Every part of human body is working in an organized manner. How come this happen?<\/p>\n

Well! Work is distributed among each & every organ of the body. But how come they are controlled for doing any function?<\/p>\n

Now if you are recalling the concept of hormones which are the signaling molecule of body then you are right. Hormones are released from specific glands in the body. There are many glands present in the body like thyroid, parathyroid, thymus & adrenal glands etc.<\/p>\n

You know all these glands are also controlled by their master glands. Yes! Right! I am talking about Pituitary gland.<\/p>\n

Let\u00c3\u00a2\u00e2\u201a\u00ac\u00e2\u201e\u00a2s discuss more about this gland.<\/p>\n

Being a chief gland of body, pituitary controls most of the glands like thyroid, ovaries, gonads & adrenal glands etc. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0Its size is like a size of pea. It is present at the base of the brain & nearby hypothalamus (Fig A).<\/p>\n

\"PG-1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

If you can see this picture clearly (Fig A), you will observe; Pituitary gland consists of two main lobes viz. Front part (anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis<\/strong>) & back part (posterior pituitary or neurohypophysis<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

Both of these parts secrete different hormones & so affect different parts of body. Other than these two parts, one more intermediate part is also there in Pituitary gland.<\/p>\n

Pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus with the help of a stalk known as infundibulum.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hypothalamus obtains info from many resources about basic functions of body.\u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0 All functions of those organs are controlled in return. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0How come this happen?<\/p>\n

\"PG-2\"<\/a>Well! Hypothalamus controls pituitary gland by releasing its own hormones & Pituitary gland being master gland<\/strong> controls further glands of body.<\/p>\n

Hypothalamus produces two kinds of hormones viz. releasing or inhibiting hormone. E.g. If the level of thyrotropin is decreasing, then hypothalamus will release TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone). TRH then moves to pituitary gland & stimulate it to secrete TSH<\/strong> (thyroid stimulating hormone). \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0Now this TSH moves to thyroid gland & it gives signal to thyroid gland to release T3.T4 hormone. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0In case, if level of T3, T4 is increasing. It is detected by hypothalamus. This is known as negative feedback. It prevents further secretion of T3, T4<\/strong> hormone. (Fig B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hormones released by Anterior Pituitary<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0Target<\/strong><\/td>\nFunction<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)<\/strong><\/td>\nAdrenal glands<\/td>\nOn stimulation by ACTH, adrenal gland secretes cortisol. This hormone controls metabolism, level of blood sugar & blood pressure. Cortisol is anti-inflammatory agent also. During bleeding or fasting, it helps to resist stress.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)<\/strong><\/td>\nOvaries -women<\/p>\n

Testicles (testes) – men<\/td>\n

Ovaries are stimulated & it results in egg production. It also results in estrogen production. .<\/p>\n

A testis is stimulated to produce sperm.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Growth hormone (GH)<\/strong><\/td>\nMany different cells of the body<\/td>\nIt helps in increasing height in children. It helps in controlling level of fats & muscles in body. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0It strengthens the immune system of body.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Luteinising hormone (LH)<\/strong><\/td>\nOvaries – women<\/p>\n

Testes – men<\/td>\n

It triggers ovulation for the release of egg.
\nOn stimulation, a testis produces testosterone.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)<\/strong><\/td>\nSkin & hair<\/td>\nIt causes darkening of skin. It also affects brain for hungriness & sexual stimulation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Prolactin<\/strong><\/td>\nBreasts<\/td>\nIt stimulates breasts to produce milk. .<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)<\/strong><\/td>\nThyroid gland<\/td>\nDo I need to mention its story again? Well I just did few min before \ud83d\ude1b<\/p>\n

Well! It controls many of the functions of body. E.g. temperature, heart rate & metabolism etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Hormones released by Posterior Pituitary<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hormone <\/strong><\/td>\nTarget<\/strong><\/td>\nFunction<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or Vasopressin<\/strong><\/td>\nKidneys<\/td>\nUrine production is decreased with the help of this hormone. Reabsorption of water occurs to maintain the level of water in body due to this hormone.
\nADH also causes a rise in blood pressure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Oxytocin<\/strong><\/td>\nBreasts and uterus<\/td>\nDuring childbirth contraction of uterus occurs due to it. Milk production also occurs due to it.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\"dsfdsfasdfa\"<\/a><\/p>\n

This can go wrong with Pituitary gland\u00c3\u00a2\u00e2\u201a\u00ac\u00c2\u00a6..<\/strong><\/p>\n

Benign growth (tumor) can be there. This condition is known as adenoma<\/strong>. It involves excess of hormonal production or hormonal production can be completely stopped. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0In later case this gland can become absolutely nonfunctioning.<\/p>\n

Some of other disorders related to Pituitary gland are acromegaly, Cushing\u00c3\u00a2\u00e2\u201a\u00ac\u00e2\u201e\u00a2s syndrome, prolactinoma etc.<\/p>\n

So guys! This information is going to be very fruitful for you I bet. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0If you want to get more of the information over hormones & glands of body, you can jump into this link<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n

If any doubt strikes your mind, anytime. Drop that over this link<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Thank you for sticking to this article. If you don\u00c3\u00a2\u00e2\u201a\u00ac\u00e2\u201e\u00a2t know me; I am Anjali Ahuja<\/strong>; a member from the pool of ask<\/span>IITians.<\/strong> \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0We always try to provide best of study material to you guys.\u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0 Yes we have created that!<\/p>\n

You can jump into this link for taking a view<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>. \u00c3\u201a\u00c2\u00a0You can find more of the PCM material here<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Human Body is such a complex & beautiful creation. Every part of human body is working in an organized manner. How come this happen? Well! Work is distributed among each & every organ of the body. But how come they are controlled for doing any function? Now if you are recalling the concept of hormones […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9586,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medical-exams","category-school-exams"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9581"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9581\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.askiitians.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}