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why are half filled d orbitals more stable?

why are half filled d orbitals more stable?

Grade:12th pass

3 Answers

Avinash
askIITians Faculty 1241 Points
8 years ago

The exactly half-filled and fully filled orbitals have greater stability than other configurations.
The reason for their stability are symmetry and exchange energy.
(a).Symmetry
The half-filled and fully-filled orbitals are more symmetrical than any other configuration and symmetry leads to greater stability.
(b). Exchange Energy

The electrons present in the different orbitals of the same sub-shell can exchange their positions. Each such exchange leads to the decrease in energy known asExchange Energy. Greater the number of exchanges, greater the exchange energy and hence greater the stability. As the number of exchanges that take place in the half-filled and fully-filled orbitals is maximum, thus exchange energy is maximum and hence maximum stability.

Sourav Singh
14 Points
5 years ago
There can't be a better answer than this
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Thanks for all the help you provide
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Hope you were not expecting this complement in the place of an answer
but that's my way to communicate with you in a faster and better manner.
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Kushagra Madhukar
askIITians Faculty 628 Points
3 years ago
Hello student
The reason behind this stability can be understood by the symmetry observed in case of Half filled d orbitals.
Along with this, the exchange energy of the half filled orbitals is high as the number of exchanges of electrons taking place in case of half filled d orbital is high due to which lowering of total energy takes place which increases the stability of half filled orbitals.

Hope it helps
Regards,
Kushagra

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