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what is screening effect?

what is screening effect?
 

Grade:11

1 Answers

Avinash
askIITians Faculty 1241 Points
8 years ago
"The number of electrons held between the nucleus and its outermost electrons called the shielding effect."

The effect of the inner electrons in reducing the effective charge experienced by the outer one is termed shielding. If the shielding effect of the two 1s electrons in lithium were perfect the outer electron would experience an effective nuclear charge Z.

In the multiple electron atom the electrons lying between the nucleus and the valence shell shield the outer most shell electron from the nucleus. The effect of shielding the valence shell electron from the nucleus which is caused by the intervening electrons is called shielding or screening effect.

The magnitude of shielding effect determines the magnitude of the force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence shell electron. Greater is the magnitude of shielding effect working on the valence shell electron, smaller is the force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence shell electron and hence lower is the amount of energy.

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