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Why does the benzene ring shifts ?

Why does the benzene ring shifts ? 

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1 Answers

Aarti Gupta
askIITians Faculty 300 Points
9 years ago
In benzene molecule(C6H6),all six carbon atoms are sp2 hybridised.Two sp2 hybrid orbitals of each C-atom overlap with sp2 hybrid orbitals of adjacent C-atoms to form six C-C sigma bonds which are in the hexagonal plane.The remaining sp2 hybrid orbital of each C-atom overlaps with s-orbital of a hydrogen atom to form six C-H sigma bonds.Now one unhybridised p-orbital of each C-atom are close enough to form pi-bond by lateral overlap.There are two equal possibilities of forming three pi-bonds by overlap of p-orbitals of C1-C2,C3-C4,C5-C6 or C2-C3,C4-C5,C6-C1 respectively.The six pi-electrons are thus delocalised and can move freely about the six carbon nuclei.The presence of such delocalised pi-electrons accounts for the shifting of benzene ring.

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