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How to distinguish between nucleophile and electrophile

How to distinguish between nucleophile and electrophile

Grade:11

4 Answers

Mohd Mujtaba
131 Points
6 years ago
*Nucleophile* is an atom molecules or ions which contain lone pair of electrons which it can donate to other elements. ●Example● Cl-,h2o,i-,br-,CN-,etc. *Electrophile* is an atom molecules or ions which has empty orbital or +charge on it.it can take electron from nucleophile. ●Example● BH3,Na, Mg, K, PH3,Cl+ etc. Thank ☺☺☺☺☺
SAHIL
3778 Points
6 years ago
Nucleophile means nucleus loving. We know nucleus has positive charge. So anything with a negative charge will love it. hence species with lone pair of electrons are nucleophiles. Usually they have negative charge on them due to the lone pair of electron.
 
In same way electrophiles are elctron loving. They are ttracted to species who have lone pairs to donate like nuclephiles
Hope this clears
Regards
Harsha upadhyay
77 Points
6 years ago
To distinguish between a nucleophile and electrophile first see the charge on the reagent , if it is negative then it is nuleophile since a nucleophile has extra electron and seeks a nucleus . If the charge is positive then it is electrophile since it is electeon deficient. Then see if the reagent has vacant p or dorbital in exicted state then it is electrophile eg carbondichloride .a pie bonded molecule like cabonyl group where there is difference in electronegativity of element then it is electrophile . Oxygen , sulphur etc electronegative elements in free state are also electrophile example binding of o with diatomic oxygen to form ozone . Nicleophile have lone pair example water , , in water o have 2 lone pair. Organometallic compound like RmgX alkyl magnesium halide is aloso a nucleophile , here the alkyl group has negative charge and metal have positive charge. So the alkyl group will attack an electrophile. Pie bonded molecule with lone pair will act as nucleophile. Eg phenol here the O from OH will give lone pair to carbon and the double bond will break and carbon will act as nucleophile.
Adarsh
768 Points
6 years ago
Nucleophile means electronic donor. .Electrophile mean electron lover ..The one which donates electron is nucleophile and which accept is electrophile..

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