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Lucas'' reagent is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight. The reaction is a substitution in which the chloride replaces a hydroxyl group.
A positive test is indicated by a change from colourless to turbid, signalling formation of a chloroalkane.The test was reported in 1930 and became a standard method in qualitative organic chemistry.The test has since become somewhat obsolete with the availability of various spectroscopic and chromatographic methods of analysis. It was named after Howard Lucas (page does not exist) (1885–1963), an American chemist.
Lucas reagent is a solution of anh. ZnCl and conc. HCl.
It is used to differentiate primary, sec., and tertiary alcohols.
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