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Please explain something about DEGREE OF FREEDOM .... and about the degree of freedom of monoatomic,polyatomic gases... And why is there no rotational energy included in monoatomis gas ??? why is it negligible in monoatomic but not in diatomic....

Please explain something about DEGREE OF FREEDOM .... and about the degree of freedom of monoatomic,polyatomic gases...


And why is there no rotational energy included in monoatomis gas ??? why is it negligible in monoatomic but not in diatomic....

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1 Answers

Amit Askiitiansexpert
112 Points
14 years ago

Hi,

Degree of Freedom

The number of independent directions in which a system (or gas molecule) can have motion, are called the number of degrees of freedom of that system or molecule. The number of degree of freedom is required to express the position, energy and motion of a system. If a particle in motion is confined to a straight line it has only one transnational degree of freedom, while if the same particle is confined to move in a plane, it will have two translational degrees of freedom. If the particle is free to move in space, it will have three translational degrees of freedom.

A gas molecule can have following types of energies:

(a)  Translational kinetic energy
(b)  Rotational kinetic energy
(c)   Vibrational kinetic energy

Degree of freedom of monatomic, diatomic liner and non-linear polyatomic gas:

Nature of motion

Degree of Freedom
Translator
Rotational
Vibrational
Total
Monatomic
3
0
0
3
Diatomic
3
2
0
5
Linear
3
2
0
5
Non-linear
3
3
0
6

 

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Amit - IT BHU

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