Dear Akshay,

Magnetic Dipole Moment

From the expression for the torque on a current loop, the characteristics of the current loop are summarized in its magnetic moment

.

The magnetic moment can be considered to be a vector quantity with direction perpendicular to the current loop in the right-hand-rule direction. The torque is given by

As seen in the geometry of a current loop, this torque tends to line up the magnetic moment with the magnetic field B, so this represents its lowest energy configuration. The potential energy associated with the magnetic moment is

so that the difference in energy between aligned and anti-aligned is

These relationships for a finite current loop extend to the magnetic dipoles ofelectron orbits and to the intrinsic magnetic moment associated with electron spin. Also important are nuclear magnetic moments.

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Aman Bansal

Askiitian Expert

Magnetic Dipole Moment

From the expression for the torque on a current loop, the characteristics of the current loop are summarized in its magnetic moment

.

The magnetic moment can be considered to be a vector quantity with direction perpendicular to the current loop in the right-hand-rule direction. The torque is given by

As seen in the geometry of a current loop, this torque tends to line up the magnetic moment with the magnetic field B, so this represents its lowest energy configuration. The potential energy associated with the magnetic moment is

so that the difference in energy between aligned and anti-aligned is

These relationships for a finite current loop extend to the magnetic dipoles ofelectron orbits and to the intrinsic magnetic moment associated with electron spin. Also important are nuclear magnetic moments.

Cracking IIT just got more exciting,It s not just all about getting assistance from IITians, alongside Target Achievement and Rewards play an important role. ASKIITIANS has it all for you, wherein you get assistance only from IITians for your preparation and win by answering queries in the discussion forums.

Magnetic moment

Electromagnetism

The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force that the magnet can exert onelectric currents and the torque that a magnetic fieldwill exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments.

Both the magnetic moment and magnetic field may be considered to be vectors having a magnitude and direction. The direction of the magnetic moment points from the south to north pole of a magnet. The magnetic field produced by a magnet is proportional to its magnetic moment as well. More precisely, the termmagnetic moment normally refers to a system''smagnetic dipole moment, which produces the first term in the multipole expansion of a general magnetic field. The dipole component of an object''s magnetic field is symmetric about the direction of its magnetic dipole moment, and decreases as the inverse cube of the distance from the object.