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what is electric flux

what is electric flux

Grade:Upto college level

1 Answers

AKASH GOYAL AskiitiansExpert-IITD
420 Points
13 years ago

Dear Anumula

The electric flux through an area is defined as the electric field multiplied by the area of the surface projected in a plane perpendicular to the field

The total of the electric flux out of a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity.

Electric flux is proportional to the number of electric field lines going through a virtual surface. The electric flux d\Phi_E\, through a small area d\mathbf{A} is given by

d\Phi_E = \mathbf{E} \cdot d\mathbf{A}

(the electric field, E, multiplied by the component of area perpendicular to the field). The electric flux over a surface S is therefore given by the surface integral:

\Phi_E = \int_S \mathbf{E} \cdot d\mathbf{A}

where E is the electric field and dA is a differential area on the closed surface S with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction.

For a closed Gaussian surface, electric flux is given by:

\Phi_E = \oint_S \mathbf{E} \cdot d\mathbf{A} = \frac{Q_S}{\epsilon_0}

where QS is the charge enclosed by the surface (including both free and bound charge), and ε0 is the electric constant. This relation is known as Gauss' law for electric field in its integral form

 

Electrical flux has SI units of volt metres (V m), or, equivalently, newton metres squared per coulomb (N m2 C−1). Thus, the SI base units of the electric flux are kg•m3•s-3•A-1

 

All the best.

AKASH GOYAL

AskiitiansExpert-IITD

 

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