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Please give me detailed Introduction of Hyper threading Technology.
Processor resources, however, are often underutilized and the growing gap between core processor frequency and memory speed causes memory latency to become an increasing performance challenge. Hyper-Threading Technology brings Simultaneous Multi-Threading to the Intel Architecture and makes a single physical processor appear as two logical processors with duplicated architecture state, but with shared physical execution resources. This allows two tasks (two threads from a single application or two separate applications) to execute in parallel, increasing processor utilization and reducing the performance impact of memory latency by overlapping the memory latency of one task with the execution of another. Hyper-Threading Technology-capable processors offer significant performance improvements for multi-threaded and multi-tasking workloads without sacrificing compatibility with existing software or single-threaded performance. Remarkably, Hyper-Threading Technology implements these improvements at a very low cost in power and processor die size.
Hyper-Threading Technology brings the concept of simultaneous multi-threading to the Intel Architecture. Hyper-Threading Technology makes a single physical processor appear as two logical processors; the physical execution resources are shared and the architecture state is duplicated for the two logical processors. From a software or architecture perspective, this means operating systems and user programs can schedule processes or threads to logical processors as they would on multiple physical processors. From a micro architecture perspective, this means that instructions from both logical processors will persist and execute simultaneously on shared execution resources.
Need of Hyper threading Technology The amazing growth of the Internet and telecommunications is powered by ever-faster systems demanding increasingly higher levels of processor performance. To keep up with this demand we cannot rely entirely on traditional approaches to processor design. Micro architecture techniques used to achieve past processor performance improvement–super pipelining, branch prediction, super-scalar execution, out-of-order execution, caches–have made microprocessors increasingly more complex, have more transistors, and consume more power. In fact, transistor counts and power are increasing at rates greater than processor performance. Processor architects are therefore looking for ways to improve performance at a greater rate than transistor counts and power dissipation. Intel’s Hyper-Threading Technology is one solution.
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