Hey there! We receieved your request
Stay Tuned as we are going to contact you within 1 Hour
One of our academic counsellors will contact you within 1 working day.
Click to Chat
1800-5470-145
+91 7353221155
Use Coupon: CART20 and get 20% off on all online Study Material
Complete Your Registration (Step 2 of 2 )
Sit and relax as our customer representative will contact you within 1 business day
OTP to be sent to Change
What is Human Physiology?
What does Physiologist do?
What is the definition of Physiological Disease?
What is Medical Physiology all about?
Levels of Organization
Subdivisions of Human Physiology
Digestive System
Respiratory System
Circulatory System
Excretory System
Nervous System
Endocrine System
The study of function of human body is known as Human Physiology.
Physiologists are continually trying to answer questions related to the functions of single cells to Organs, Organ System, Organism and the interactions between Human Populations and Environment.
Any disease caused due to change in physiology of some cell, tissue or organ is known as Physiological Disease. For Example: Diabetes, Hypertension, Cataract etc.
The study of different systems of the human body from molecular level to organism level is known as Medical Physiology.
Atom is the smallest particle that can exists.
Molecule is composed of two or more atoms.
Macromolecules are large molecules and it includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
Cell is the structural and functional unit of life.
Cell organelles are small organs present in the cell. For Example: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Lysosomes, Golgi Apparatus etc.
Tissue is a group of cells that together form a particular function. For Example: Heart Tissue functions for relaxation and contraction of heart.
See Figure: Atom-molecule-organelle-cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
Organs are formed by combination of tissues such as Heart, Lungs, Kidneys etc.
Organ system consists of different organs working together. For Example : Cardiovascular System, Excretory System, Circulatory System etc.
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Excretory system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
This system comprises of different organs that work together in breakdown of complex food particles into simple food particles to obtain energy required for the survival of the individual.
The Human Digestive System includes a long digestive tract/alimentary canal and other accessory organs for digestion such as Liver, Pancreas, Salivary Glands etc.
Fig.2. Digestive system
Note: For detailed study of Digestive System, kindly refer to “Digestion and Absorption”.
It is a system that helps in exchange of gases. It enables the person to respire. The main respiratory organ in humans is Lungs.
Fig.3. Respiratory System
Note: For detailed study of Respiratory System, kindly refer to “Breathing and Exchange of Gases”.
It includes heart, blood, blood vessels, lymph and lymphatic system. This system helps in circulation of blood containing Oxygen, Nutrients, Hormones, Blood Cells, Carbon-Dioxide etc.
Fig.4. Components of Circulatory System
Note: For detailed study Circulatory System, kindly refer to “Body Fluids and Circulation”
This system is meant to remove unwanted materials from the body in order to maintain homeostasis of the body and prevent damage to the body. The most important part of excretory system includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, single urinary bladder and a urethra. It also includes the accessory excretory organs like skin, Large Intestine, Liver, Lungs etc. The structural and the functional unit of kidney is known as Nephron. It helps in removal of nitrogenous waste from the body.
Fig.5. Excretory System
Note: For detailed study of Endocrine System, kindly refer to “Excretory Products and their Elimination”.
The Nervous System is a very important part of the animal body that coordinates Voluntary and Involuntary actions of the body. The structural and the functional unit of Nervous System is Neuron. The neuron or the nerve cells transmit information from one part of the body to another part of the body.
There are two types of nervous system in vertebrates:
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Fig. 6. Components of Nervous System
Note: For detailed study of Nervous System, kindly refer to “Neural Control and Coordination”
The Endocrine System consists of ductless glands that secretes chemical messengers known as Hormones that circulate in blood stream to reach different target organs. Glands that secrete hormones directly into bloodstream are known as Endocrine Glands.
Fig. 7. Endocrine Glands
Note: For detailed study of Endocrine System, kindly refer to the content “Chemical Control and Coordination”
Get your questions answered by the expert for free
You will get reply from our expert in sometime.
We will notify you when Our expert answers your question. To View your Question
Structural Organisation in Animals Table of...
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Table of Content...
Plant Kingdom Table of Content History of...
Cell: Structure and Functions Table of Content...
Principles of Inheritance and Variation Revision...
Reproductive Health Table of Content Definition of...
Plant Growth and Development Table of Content...
Introduction To Diversity In The Living World...
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Table of...
Cell Cycle and Cell Division All cells reproduce...
Human Reproduction Table of Content How to Define...
Invertebrates Table of Content Definition of...
Biodiversity The sum total of all the variety of...
Breathing and Exchange of Gases Table of Cotent...
Evolution Table of Content What is Evolution? What...
Genetics and Evolution Table of Content What is...
Plant Physiology Table of Content Definition of...
Biotechnology and its Applications Table of...
Molecular Basis of Inheritance Table of Content...
Ecosystem Table of Content What is Ecosystem?...
Locomotion and Movement Table of Content What is...
Ecology Table of Content What is Ecology? Example...
Anatomy of Flowering Plants Table of Content What...
Transport in Plants Table of Content Definition of...
Neural Control and Coordination Table of Content...
Excretory Products and their Elimination Table of...
Cell the Unit of Life Table of Content What is a...
Biology in Human Welfare Table of Content ?Human...
Biomolecules Table of Content Definition of...
Mineral Nutrition Table of Content Methods to...
Chemical Coordination & Integration Table of...
Reproduction in Organisms Table of content...
Biodiversity Table of Content Definition of...
Respiration in Plants Table of Content What is...
Vertebrates Kingdom – Vertebrates (Chordate...
Environmental Issues Table of Content Definition...
Reproductive Health – Sexually Transmitted...
Animal Kingdom Table of Content Attributes of...
Biological Classification Table of Content...
Body Fluids & Circulation Table of Content...
Morphology of Flowering Plants Table of Content...
Digestion and Absorption Table of Content What is...
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Table of...
Reproduction Table of Content What is...
Biotechnology What is Biotechnology? The use of...
Reproductive Health – Population Explosion...